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There are several industrial and commercial buildings which now exceed sixty stories or more. These buildings all require tall cranes to be able to help transport the supplies to the higher floors. There are cranes that are operated from the rear of trucks or other types which have their own vehicle connected. Tower cranes are the largest kinds on the market.
Tower cranes are the stand-alone structures that are normally found on high-rise building projects. Usually, they are part of a major city's downtown skyline. When new construction such as skyscrapers or apartment buildings and commercial facilities such as shopping center are being built, chances are a crane would be on site.
Kinds
The two major types of cranes can be differentiated by the way in which their jib or boom lifts materials. The jib is the metal frame which extends from the main section. On a flat tower crane, the jib remains horizontal when it carries things. On a luffing kind of tower crane, the jib could ratchet to upward or downward angles. The lifting capacity for both kinds could range from 30 pounds to ten thousand pounds
Body
The body of the crane is composed of a vertical steel mast that is composed of separate [parts. The sections are added to increase the overall height of the equipment. The mast extends upward to wherever the desired height is, to the control module, which is a small room which has glass windows on all four sides or to the tower as it is also referred to. The crane driver works from inside of the tower.
Lift
In order to lift supplies, the crane utilizes a braided metal cord. The cord extends all the way to the end of the jib or boom from a motor located next to the control module. There is a pulley system situated at the end of the jib, through which the cord is positioned and lowered down. The jib which holds the cord becomes balanced by a counter jib located on the opposite side of the tower. The counter jib has weights. These weights help to prevent the crane from toppling over when lifting heavy materials.
Hydraulic truck cranes are a particular type of mobile crane. These cranes utilize hydraulics and could lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulics utilizes forces being transmitted through oil pushing in opposite directions on the pistons of the boom so as to lift thousands of pounds. Hydraulic truck cranes are really essential in building major projects like for example airports, bridges, roads and buildings. A crane could complete in minutes tasks which would normally take hundreds of men and a lot of hours to complete.
The great machines are commonly used in the construction of cities, homes, entire nations and individual buildings throughout the ages. Even the Great Pyramids within Egypt were probably built utilizing basic cranes to enable the heaviest supplies in one of the most awesome construction projects ever.
The very first representation of a crane was showcased during King Ramses' reign within Egypt during 3000 B.C. This was a portrayal of a lifting device that was used to collect water. The very first official "cranes" appeared in Ancient Greece. These devices were used to build an entire nation during the 5th century B.C.
These cranes were originally made out of wood. The designs of cranes started to change when dockyards started to require stronger and larger machinery. Hick & Rothwell developed the very first cast iron cranes within Bolton, England, in the year 1834. This machine can lift up to 2 tons. That very same year, the addition of wire rope was added to the crane by Herr Albert Sr. who was an Official of the German Superior Board. The wire rope made the crane stronger and more durable. This addition allowed cranes to have a larger capacity for lifting heavy weights.
The wire ropes were weaved together forming a more powerful rope with even more strength. The newly formed wire also added more flexibility. 4 years later, Germany started to build cast iron cranes. The first cast iron crane built by Germany was built within Neuburg.
